Water-heating apparatus.



h. JUNKER'S.

WATER HEATING APPARATUS APPLICAHON FILED JAN. 28, 1914. RENEWED SEPT.28, 191s.

Patented Nov. 14, 1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

H. JUNKERS. WATER H EATlNG APPARATUS. APPLICATiON FILED JAN.28,1914. RENEWED SEPT. 28, 1916.

Patented N 0v. 14,1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HUGO JUNKERS', OF AIXrLA-CHAPELLE, GERMANY.

WATER-HEATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 28, 1914, Serial-No. 815,011. Renewed September 28, 1916. Serial No. 122,737.

To all whom it may concern) Be it known that I, HUGO JUNKERs, a

citizen of the German Empire, residing'at No. 68 Bismarckstrasse, Aix-la-Ghapelle, 1n

the Kingdom of Prussia, Empire of Ger many, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Water- Heating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use-the same.

Heaters for liquids of the type in which the water is heated durin'g its passage through the heater have many advantages over the type in which a large quantity is heated in reserve, particularly the advantages of continual readiness for use and of cheapness. Yet, in practice, such heaters have not been available for the produetion of boiling water, because failures were 'frequent and moreover they delivered only hot water, not-boiling water. This also applies to heatersfitted with a thermostat for regulating the cold water supply, for the part of the thermostat influenced by the temperature is arranged in the water, and therefore changes its temperature slowly. Consequently the regulator is insufficiently sensitive, This disadvantage is avoided in the present invention in that the part of the thermostat which is sensitive to heat is not surrounded by the water, but by the steam which is formed when the boiling point is reached. In order to-make certain of this,

'the outlet pipe for the boiling water is provided with an enlargement and the heat sensitive part of theregulating device is arranged in a special chamber, "which latter is connected with vthe steam space of the said enlargement by meansof a pipe. Such an arrangement allows of an entirely independent arrangement of the chamber containing the regulating device. The chamber is therefore surrounded by the atmospheric air and a very quick response to the regulating device is caused by the resultant I rapid cooling down of the chamber; moreover this cooling can be further enhanced by the application of heat dissipating devices to'the'chamber. Further, in a heater for liquids constructed in accordance with' this invention, the regulating device is capable of being made inoperative by means of a closable bypass pipe which branches of from-the cold water supply pipe in advance of the cold water supply valve and returns to it beyond the valve. 1 In the accompanying drawings, '1 have illustrated several embodiments of the in vent'ion.

Figure'l is a diagrammatic .viewshowing Patented Nov. 14,, 1916.

the arrangement ofthe parts employed in one embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2

is' a diagrammatic view showing the arrangement of theparts employed in a modified embodiment of the invention.' Figs'3 and lg Show the front and sideviews respec-v tlvely of a more complete embodiment of 1."

the invention together with severalgdetails cross; section, through a maxim ly valve which 'cam it advantage ginseng-1:

Fig. 6 is a sectional viewof th r in, the supply pipe of the; apparatus,

cally controlled valve whiehflregul'ateslxthe flowpf water through the'heetelf. v. In'Fig. 1, the heater is shown in the form of a spiral tube 2 into theffllowergendfof 57-1 which the cold water enters by a ,i pe lifand from the upper end of whicht h e heated water flows through a pipe 1?, thewater being.

Connected to the heater by a pipe 5 is'a heated while passing through .the' spiral tube by means of a suitable burnerfi, 185- 'chanibe'r 6 which communicates with the}? 1 atmosphere by an outlet 7 and in which positioned the heat-sensitive or pressum if; sensitive chamber "8. of a thermost'aticfd-" contract, thereby causing the valve 10 to close, to partly or entirely shut off the flow of water through the pipe 1 until thewater m the spiral tube is heatedto the boiling point, thereby causing the valve 10 to be .opened as above set forth. In order to provide fora constant circulation of water and to insure. that only boiling water will be led from the-spiral tube through the pipe 1", a return pipe 4 is provided extending from the upper end of the heater, at the junction ofthepipes 1 and 5, an dtermivward flow of'water therethrough.

' In Fig. 2, the heater is shown in the form of a vertically disposed, annular chamber having a central flue and a burner at" the lower end of the flue.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention in which a different form of heater is employed. The cold water from the supply pipe 11 enters the bottom of the double walled hollow cylinder 12, rising therein'in the form of a' thin layer and flowing on through the pipe 1& and an enlargement therein 13 to the places where it is used. The water is heated by means of a burner 15 of any desired type and an inserted heat trans ferring body 16 which is preferably of laminated construction. 1 A pipe. 17' projecting into the enlargement 13 is enlarged at its lower end to form the chamber 18 in which is situated a heat sensitive device, for ex ample a temperature or pressure sensitive chamber 19 which is incommunication with the water regulating valve 10 by means of the small tube 20. If the valve 10 is open to the flow of water to the heater and the boiling water produced by the action of the burner flows out through the pipe 14:, then the steam from the boiling water will traverse the pipe 17 and enter the chamber 18 and there act on the heat or pressure sensi- A tive chamber 19 in such a manner that the valve 10 will be set for a continuous supply. Immediatelytthe outflowing water ceases to boil either by reason of an increase in consumption or insufficient heating power of the burner, there will be no more steam to keep the chamber 18 hot. On account of the chamber 18 being exposed to the cold air on all sides, it and the chamber 19 cool quickly and the contracting fluid in the chamber 19 throttles the flow} through the water valve 10 until the flow through the heater is sufliciently retarded to cause itto boil again, whereupon steam again arises fromthe outflowing water and acting on the chamber 18 opens up the water supply valve 10 toa suitable degree.

In the form shown in. Figs. 3 and 4 the cold water flows through the pipe 22 to the valve 28 which passes the water into the pipe 24: or 25 depending upon the position in which it is set. These two pipes re-unite closely in front of the heater 26 entering the latter at 27. At the top of the heater 26 and through the pipe 28 boiling water flows into an enlargement 29 and thence to the outlet. The enlargement 29 is penetrated by a pipe 31 open at its upper and and at its lower end is enlarged to form a chamber 32 below which it joins the outflow pipe, the chamber 32 being in the present example lantern shapedand provided with windows at the top and at the bottom. In the chamber 32 and around a flow impeding cone 33 there is wound spirally the end of a heat sensitive tube or chamber 34 which is continued by means of the pipe 35 to the valve chest 36 the front valve 37 of which is fixed in the pipe 261 and opens up or throttles the water supply to a greater or less degree. The fuel gas reaches the burner through the pipes 38, 39, the intermediate piece 40 and the Bunsen burner 41 and it is also profitable to provide a pipe 42 for a pilot flame branching ofl at a'suitable place and leading directly to the burner. The mode of operation is similar to that described in connection with Fig. 2: The water'flows through 22,

the cock 23 and the pipe 2 1 or 25 according to the setting of 23, then it enters the heater 26 and flows boiling through the enlargement 29 andthe 011tlet'30. The steam arising from the boiling water reaches the lantern shaped chamber 32 means of the pipe 31, here it influences the heat sensitive chamber or spiral 33 and passes through the lower bent pipe 31 back into the outlet pipe 30 in the form of steam; boiling or hot water. The effect on the heat sensitive chamber or spiral istransmitted through the pipe 35 to the valve chest 36 and there itactuates the valve 37 in such a manner that the water is allowed to flowthrough thepipe 24:. As soon as thefoutflowing water ceases to boil, no more steam will reach the chamber 82 through the pipe 31. On account of-its insulated position and particularly on account of its windows the heat sensitive chamber or'spiral soon cools and the con- I tracting medium will. cause the valve 37 to close so far that the decreased flow through the heater 26 will cause boiling water to be deliveredby the heater again. I

If very large quantities or sudden intermittent small quantities of boiling water are drawn oil', the rate of flow of the water through the heater might become so great that water which was not boiling would flow out before the regulating device at cooled sufliciently to causethe regulator to act. In

vorder to prevent this from happening, it

is advisable to insert in the supplypipe a maximum-flow valve, such as, for example,

that. shown in Fig. 5. Such a valve may be connected either in the pipe 22 in advance of the valve 23,v or on the other side of valve 23 in the pipe 2 1, as is 'shown at 51 in Fig. 3. In the construction of maximum flow valve shown in Fig. 5, the water enters by the pipe 43 and eventually leaves by the pipe 44. In the central valve chest 51 is situ-.

ated the valve 15 shaped like a cylindrical slide valveand capable of axial movement under the pressure of the spiral spring 46.

On the water side of the valve there are a pair of slots 4:? in the cylindrical part of ployed atjlOinFigs. land-2 and at 37 in the valve or as cylindrical guide seating and openings 48 in the cylindrical part of the valve. Thus the water can fiow 'from the pipe 43 through the slots 47 and the openings 48 into the inner part of the slider 45 and thence through the opening 49 into the pipe line 44. This can however only occur so long as the velocity of the water is comparatively low and-the spring can balance the pressure on the valve. -As soon as a too violent flow of the water overcomes the pressure of the spring and moves the valve axially, the foot 50 of the valve begins to close the passage 49 and thus to throttle the liquid by reason of the reduced cross-section of the passage. By suitably proportioning the passages in the valve, the masses to be. moved-and the spiral spring 46, the valve can 'bQz SQ arranged that with all other valves fullyopen the Whole apparatus will still deliver-Water of a ,certain given temperature; withia given-heating capacity of the apparatus. this valve automatically maintains ,a :certain' mlnimum temperature. Fig. 6 showsv a form ofthermostatically controlled valve for regulating the flow of 'Water to the" heater such as'may b'e'em- Figs. 3 and 4. The casing of this valve is formed to provide an inlet'54 and' an outlet 55 and also a chamber for the actuating fluid 53 which enters the chamber through a tube 52 corresponding to the tube 9 of Fig; 1 or 20 of Fig. 2, or 35 of Figs. 3 and 4;. The chamber; for the liquid 53 includes a flexible or movable Wall 59 which is adapted to engage and actuate a valve member 57 Wh1ch is movable Within a chamber 56- V formed in the valve casing. The valve memi providedhy this groove between the valve member .57 and casing 56 is in connection ber' 57 is moved in one direction by a coiled spring 58 Which holds the valve member 57 always in contact With the 'wall 59 of the chamber for the fluid 53. The valve member 57 is provided-with a circumferential groove 60 so positioned that the annular chamber with the inlet 54 of the valve casing. The casing 56 is also provided with a groove 61 forming .an'annular chamber about the valve 'member 57 and communicating with the outlet '55. The-chambers 60 and 61 are adapted to overlap more or less so as to permit the How of Water from the-inlet 54 through the chambers 60 and'61 tothe outlet and the extent of the overlap of chambers and 61 is regulated by the joint action of the spring 58 and the effect of the fluid 53 on the movable Wall 59. .As Wall 59 is moved out by the fluid 53, it moves the valve member 57.against the tension of spring 58 to increase the overlap of the chambersGO and 61 so as to allow greater freedom of flow of water through the valve and, conversely, as the spring 58 overcomes the action of the static device enteri wall 59 and moves the valve member back,

the freedom of flow ofathe Water through the valve is reduced or cutofi'.

- What I claim is-:

1. Water heating apparatus comprising the combination of a heater,; pipes carrying water to and from the heater', a'. steam chamber'conneoted to the heater andadapted ta.

receive steam therefrom independently of the level of the 'Water in the heater, a thermostatic device entering said chamber; and actuated vice entering said chamber and actuated by steam therein and a valve inone of said pipes controlled by said thermostatic device, substantially as described.

1 3. jWater heating apparatus comprising thejo'emb'ination of a heater, pipes carrying Water to.and from the same, a chamber located adutside the heater and arranged to issipate heat, a connecti n from the upper portion of the heat I id chamber for conveying steam't "th amber, a.thermoated by the steam :H ofsaidpipes con static-device,'substant y as described.

: 4." .Water-Lheating apparatus comprising d a'valve in one liamber and actuysaid thermothe combination of a heater,'pipes carrying- Water to and'from the same, a valve in one of said pi'p'es constituting a means for con-,

trolling the flow of water through the heater, asteam chamber connected to the heater-and adapted to receive s'tearn.: therefrom, athermostaticv device entering said chamber and actuated by the steamtherein', an d aconnection from the thermostatid'device' to said valve, substantially as described.

5. Water heating apparatus comprising the combination of a heater, an admission pipe carrying Water to the same, an'o'utlet pipe leading from the'heater, a steam chamber connected to the heater to receive steam therefrom, a thermostatic device entering said chamber and actuated by the steam therein, a valve in said admission pipe coiitrolled by said thermostatic device and a bypass around said valve, substantially as described. I

6. Water heating apparatus comprising the combination of a heater, pipes carrying Water to and fromthes'ame, a steam chamber connectedto the heater to receive steam therefrom, a thermostatic {device entering said chamber and actuatedl by the steam therein, avalve in one of saidrpipesj controlled by said thermostatic device and a valve in one of said pipes limiting the maxi- 5% r moeme mum flow of water to and through the outlet pipe and e, thermostatic cteviee to heater substentmll as deserlbed. ceteo! 1n sand casln and connected to sald v v D a l v n a 7. Water heatm apparatus eornprlsmg valve 111 the edlnlsslon plpe, substantlelly the combination of a heater, an admission as described. 15-

pipe carrying Water thereto, a valve in said In testimony whereof 1 have signed my adnnsslon plpe, a chamber connected to the name to thle speclficatlon m the presence of upper portlon of the heater to recelve steam two subserlblng wltnesses.

therefrom, an outlet pipe leading from said HUG-Cw JUNKERS. chamber, a casing for a thermostatic device Witnesses: connected at one end to the upper portion of MAX Knees,

said chamber and at the other end to said LUDWIG- 'Weomrsem 

